Verbloom · Tabelas de verbos em inglês

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Verbos essenciais

🅱️ Verb To Be

O verbo mais importante do inglês (ser / estar).

Pronoun	Present	Past	Future	Present perfect
I	am	was	will be	have been
You	are	were	will be	have been
He / She / It	is	was	will be	has been
We	are	were	will be	have been
They	are	were	will be	have been

Negativa: I am not (I'm not) · He is not (isn't) · They are not (aren't) · I was not (wasn't) · We were not (weren't).
Pergunta: Am I…? · Is she…? · Are they…? · Was he…? · Were you…?

❓ Verb To Be: Formas

Afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa no presente e no passado.

Pronoun	Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Short answer (+)	Short answer (−)
I	I am / I'm	I'm not	Am I?	Yes, I am.	No, I'm not.
You	You are / You're	You aren't	Are you?	Yes, you are.	No, you aren't.
He	He is / He's	He isn't	Is he?	Yes, he is.	No, he isn't.
She	She is / She's	She isn't	Is she?	Yes, she is.	No, she isn't.
It	It is / It's	It isn't	Is it?	Yes, it is.	No, it isn't.
We	We are / We're	We aren't	Are we?	Yes, we are.	No, we aren't.
They	They are / They're	They aren't	Are they?	Yes, they are.	No, they aren't.
I (past)	I was	I wasn't	Was I?	Yes, I was.	No, I wasn't.
You (past)	You were	You weren't	Were you?	Yes, you were.	No, you weren't.
He/She/It (past)	He was	He wasn't	Was he?	Yes, he was.	No, he wasn't.
We/They (past)	They were	They weren't	Were they?	Yes, they were.	No, they weren't.

🤲 Verb To Have

Ter / haver. Também é auxiliar nos tempos perfeitos.

Pronoun	Present	Negative	Past	Future	Present perfect
I	have	don't have	had	will have	have had
You	have	don't have	had	will have	have had
He / She / It	has	doesn't have	had	will have	has had
We	have	don't have	had	will have	have had
They	have	don't have	had	will have	have had

⚙️ Verb To Do

Fazer. Também é o auxiliar de negativas e perguntas no Simple Present/Past.

Pronoun	Present	Negative	Past	Negative past	Question
I	do	don't	did	didn't	Do I…?
You	do	don't	did	didn't	Do you…?
He / She / It	does	doesn't	did	didn't	Does he…?
We	do	don't	did	didn't	Do we…?
They	do	don't	did	didn't	Do they…?

Irregulares e comuns

🔀 Verbos Irregulares

Verbos que não seguem a regra do -ed no passado. Memorize as três formas.

Base form	Simple past	Past participle	Portuguese
arise	arose	arisen	surgir
awake	awoke	awoken	despertar
be	was / were	been	ser / estar
bear	bore	borne	suportar
beat	beat	beaten	bater / vencer
become	became	become	tornar-se
begin	began	begun	começar
bend	bent	bent	dobrar
bet	bet	bet	apostar
bind	bound	bound	amarrar
bite	bit	bitten	morder
bleed	bled	bled	sangrar
blow	blew	blown	soprar
break	broke	broken	quebrar
breed	bred	bred	criar (animais)
bring	brought	brought	trazer
broadcast	broadcast	broadcast	transmitir
build	built	built	construir
burn	burnt / burned	burnt / burned	queimar
burst	burst	burst	estourar
buy	bought	bought	comprar
cast	cast	cast	lançar
catch	caught	caught	pegar
choose	chose	chosen	escolher
cling	clung	clung	agarrar-se
come	came	come	vir
cost	cost	cost	custar
creep	crept	crept	rastejar
cut	cut	cut	cortar
deal	dealt	dealt	lidar
dig	dug	dug	cavar
do	did	done	fazer
draw	drew	drawn	desenhar
dream	dreamt / dreamed	dreamt / dreamed	sonhar
drink	drank	drunk	beber
drive	drove	driven	dirigir
eat	ate	eaten	comer
fall	fell	fallen	cair
feed	fed	fed	alimentar
feel	felt	felt	sentir
fight	fought	fought	lutar
find	found	found	encontrar
fit	fit	fit	caber / servir
flee	fled	fled	fugir
fly	flew	flown	voar
forbid	forbade	forbidden	proibir
forecast	forecast	forecast	prever
forget	forgot	forgotten	esquecer
forgive	forgave	forgiven	perdoar
freeze	froze	frozen	congelar
get	got	got / gotten	conseguir / obter
give	gave	given	dar
go	went	gone	ir
grow	grew	grown	crescer
hang	hung	hung	pendurar
have	had	had	ter
hear	heard	heard	ouvir
hide	hid	hidden	esconder
hit	hit	hit	bater
hold	held	held	segurar
hurt	hurt	hurt	machucar
keep	kept	kept	manter / guardar
kneel	knelt	knelt	ajoelhar
know	knew	known	saber / conhecer
lay	laid	laid	colocar / pôr
lead	led	led	liderar
lean	leant / leaned	leant / leaned	inclinar-se
leap	leapt / leaped	leapt / leaped	saltar
learn	learnt / learned	learnt / learned	aprender
leave	left	left	sair / deixar
lend	lent	lent	emprestar
let	let	let	permitir
lie	lay	lain	deitar-se
light	lit	lit	acender
lose	lost	lost	perder
make	made	made	fazer / fabricar
mean	meant	meant	significar
meet	met	met	encontrar / conhecer
mistake	mistook	mistaken	confundir
overcome	overcame	overcome	superar
overtake	overtook	overtaken	ultrapassar
pay	paid	paid	pagar
put	put	put	colocar
quit	quit	quit	desistir
read	read	read	ler
rebuild	rebuilt	rebuilt	reconstruir
rewrite	rewrote	rewritten	reescrever
ride	rode	ridden	cavalgar / andar de
ring	rang	rung	tocar (sino/telefone)
rise	rose	risen	subir / nascer
run	ran	run	correr
say	said	said	dizer
see	saw	seen	ver
seek	sought	sought	buscar
sell	sold	sold	vender
send	sent	sent	enviar
set	set	set	definir / ajustar
sew	sewed	sewn	costurar
shake	shook	shaken	sacudir
shed	shed	shed	derramar / soltar
shine	shone	shone	brilhar
shoot	shot	shot	atirar
show	showed	shown	mostrar
shrink	shrank	shrunk	encolher
shut	shut	shut	fechar
sing	sang	sung	cantar
sink	sank	sunk	afundar
sit	sat	sat	sentar
sleep	slept	slept	dormir
slide	slid	slid	deslizar
smell	smelt / smelled	smelt / smelled	cheirar
speak	spoke	spoken	falar
speed	sped	sped	acelerar
spell	spelt / spelled	spelt / spelled	soletrar
spend	spent	spent	gastar / passar (tempo)
spill	spilt / spilled	spilt / spilled	derramar
spin	spun	spun	girar
spit	spat	spat	cuspir
split	split	split	dividir
spoil	spoilt / spoiled	spoilt / spoiled	estragar
spread	spread	spread	espalhar
spring	sprang	sprung	saltar / brotar
stand	stood	stood	ficar em pé
steal	stole	stolen	roubar
stick	stuck	stuck	colar / grudar
sting	stung	stung	picar
strike	struck	struck	golpear / atingir
swear	swore	sworn	jurar / xingar
sweep	swept	swept	varrer
swim	swam	swum	nadar
swing	swung	swung	balançar
take	took	taken	pegar / levar
teach	taught	taught	ensinar
tear	tore	torn	rasgar
tell	told	told	contar / dizer
think	thought	thought	pensar
throw	threw	thrown	arremessar
understand	understood	understood	entender
undo	undid	undone	desfazer
upset	upset	upset	chatear / perturbar
wake	woke	woken	acordar
wear	wore	worn	vestir / usar
weave	wove	woven	tecer
weep	wept	wept	chorar
win	won	won	ganhar
wind	wound	wound	enrolar
withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	retirar
wring	wrung	wrung	torcer
write	wrote	written	escrever

🧬 Padrões dos Irregulares

Verbos irregulares agrupados pela relação entre as três formas. Fica bem mais fácil de memorizar.

Pattern	Description	Verbs
A-A-A	All three forms are the same	bet, broadcast, burst, cast, cost, cut, fit, forecast, hit, hurt, let, put, quit, read, set, shed, shut, split, spread, upset
A-B-A	Base form and past participle are the same	become, come, overcome, run
A-B-B	Past simple and past participle are the same	bend, bind, bleed, breed, bring, build, burn, buy, catch, cling, creep, deal, dig, dream, feed, feel, fight, find, flee, get, hang, have, hear, hold, keep, kneel, lay, lead, lean, leap, learn, leave, lend, light, lose, make, mean, meet, pay, rebuild, say, seek, sell, send, shine, shoot, sit, sleep, slide, smell, speed, spell, spend, spill, spin, spit, spoil, stand, stick, sting, strike, sweep, swing, teach, tell, think, understand, weep, win, wind, wring
A-B-C	All three forms are different	arise, awake, be, bear, beat, begin, bite, blow, break, choose, do, draw, drink, drive, eat, fall, fly, forbid, forget, forgive, freeze, give, go, grow, hide, know, lie, mistake, overtake, rewrite, ride, ring, rise, see, sew, shake, show, shrink, sing, sink, speak, spring, steal, swear, swim, take, tear, throw, undo, wake, wear, weave, withdraw, write

A = forma base, B/C = formas alteradas. “read” é igual nas três formas, mas se pronuncia /riːd/ → /red/ → /red/.

🔥 Os 50 Verbos Mais Comuns

Mais ou menos em ordem de frequência. Aprenda estes primeiro.

Verb	Portuguese	Example
be	ser / estar	I am tired.
have	ter	She has two brothers.
do	fazer	What do you do?
say	dizer	He said hello.
go	ir	We go to school by bus.
get	conseguir / obter	I got a new phone.
make	fazer / fabricar	She makes great coffee.
know	saber / conhecer	I know him.
think	pensar	I think you're right.
take	pegar / levar	Take your umbrella.
see	ver	I see a bird.
come	vir	Come here, please.
want	querer	I want some water.
use	usar	Can I use your pen?
find	encontrar	I can't find my keys.
give	dar	Give me a minute.
tell	contar / dizer	Tell me the truth.
work	trabalhar	He works at a bank.
call	ligar / chamar	I'll call you tonight.
try	tentar	Try again.
ask	perguntar / pedir	Ask the teacher.
need	precisar	I need help.
feel	sentir	I feel great today.
become	tornar-se	She became a doctor.
leave	sair / deixar	We leave at six.
put	colocar	Put it on the table.
mean	significar	What does this word mean?
keep	manter / guardar	Keep calm.
let	permitir	Let me help you.
begin	começar	The class begins at nine.
seem	parecer	It seems easy.
help	ajudar	Can you help me?
talk	conversar	We talked for hours.
turn	virar	Turn left at the corner.
start	começar	Let's start now.
show	mostrar	Show me your passport.
hear	ouvir	I can't hear you.
play	jogar / tocar	They play football.
run	correr	I run every morning.
move	mover / mudar	We moved to Lisbon.
like	gostar	I like pizza.
live	morar / viver	I live in São Paulo.
believe	acreditar	I believe you.
bring	trazer	Bring a friend.
happen	acontecer	What happened?
write	escrever	Write your name here.
provide	fornecer	The hotel provides breakfast.
sit	sentar	Please sit down.
stand	ficar em pé	Stand up, please.
learn	aprender	I learn English online.

Tempos e gramática

⏳ Tempos Verbais (verbo: work)

Os 12 principais tempos verbais, usando o verbo regular “work”.

Tense	Structure	Affirmative	Negative	Question
Simple Present	V / V+s	She works.	She doesn't work.	Does she work?
Present Continuous	am/is/are + V-ing	She is working.	She isn't working.	Is she working?
Present Perfect	have/has + V3	She has worked.	She hasn't worked.	Has she worked?
Present Perfect Continuous	have/has been + V-ing	She has been working.	She hasn't been working.	Has she been working?
Simple Past	V2	She worked.	She didn't work.	Did she work?
Past Continuous	was/were + V-ing	She was working.	She wasn't working.	Was she working?
Past Perfect	had + V3	She had worked.	She hadn't worked.	Had she worked?
Past Perfect Continuous	had been + V-ing	She had been working.	She hadn't been working.	Had she been working?
Simple Future	will + V	She will work.	She won't work.	Will she work?
Future Continuous	will be + V-ing	She will be working.	She won't be working.	Will she be working?
Future Perfect	will have + V3	She will have worked.	She won't have worked.	Will she have worked?
Future Perfect Continuous	will have been + V-ing	She will have been working.	She won't have been working.	Will she have been working?

🧭 Verbos Modais

Não recebem -s na 3ª pessoa e são sempre seguidos do verbo na forma base.

Modal	Use	Example	Negative
can	ability, permission	I can swim.	can't / cannot
could	past ability, polite request	Could you help me?	couldn't
may	permission, possibility	It may rain.	may not
might	remote possibility	She might come.	might not
must	obligation, deduction	You must wear a seatbelt.	mustn't
should	advice	You should sleep more.	shouldn't
would	conditional, request, past habit	I would travel more.	wouldn't
will	future, promise	I will call you.	won't
shall	offer, suggestion (I/we)	Shall we dance?	shan't
ought to	strong advice	You ought to apologize.	ought not to

🌦️ Condicionais

Frases com if: quais tempos usar em cada oração.

Type	Structure	Use	Example
Zero	If + present simple, present simple	general truths	If you heat ice, it melts.
First	If + present simple, will + base verb	real future possibility	If it rains, we will stay home.
Second	If + past simple, would + base verb	unreal / unlikely present	If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.
Third	If + past perfect, would have + V3	unreal past	If she had studied, she would have passed.
Mixed	If + past perfect, would + base verb	past condition, present result	If I had taken that job, I would be rich now.

🔁 Voz Passiva

O objeto vira sujeito: be + particípio passado.

Tense	Structure	Active	Passive
Simple Present	am/is/are + V3	They build houses.	Houses are built.
Present Continuous	am/is/are being + V3	They are building a house.	A house is being built.
Simple Past	was/were + V3	Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.	Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
Past Continuous	was/were being + V3	She was painting the wall.	The wall was being painted.
Present Perfect	have/has been + V3	They have finished the work.	The work has been finished.
Past Perfect	had been + V3	He had stolen the car.	The car had been stolen.
Simple Future	will be + V3	We will send the package.	The package will be sent.
Going to	am/is/are going to be + V3	They are going to paint it.	It is going to be painted.
Modals	modal + be + V3	You can solve it.	It can be solved.

💬 Discurso Indireto

Relatar o que alguém disse: os tempos geralmente “recuam” um nível.

Direct speech	Reported speech	Change
“I work here.”	He said (that) he worked there.	present simple → past simple
“I am working.”	He said he was working.	present continuous → past continuous
“I have finished.”	He said he had finished.	present perfect → past perfect
“I worked.”	He said he had worked.	past simple → past perfect
“I will call you.”	He said he would call me.	will → would
“I can swim.”	He said he could swim.	can → could
“I may come.”	He said he might come.	may → might
“I must go.”	He said he had to go.	must → had to
now / today	then / that day	time expressions
tomorrow / yesterday	the next day / the day before	time expressions
here / this	there / that	place expressions

🌠 Wish e If Only

Expressar arrependimentos, situações irreais e desejos de mudança.

Situation	Structure	Example
unreal present	wish + past simple	I wish I had more time.
regret about the past	wish + past perfect	I wish I had studied harder.
complaint / want change	wish + would + verb	I wish it would stop raining.
“were” for all subjects	wish + were	I wish I were taller.
stronger present regret	If only + past simple	If only I knew the answer!
stronger past regret	If only + past perfect	If only I had listened!
formal request	wish + to + verb	I wish to speak to the manager.

🏷️ Question Tags

Perguntinhas no fim da frase para checar ou confirmar.

Case	Tag	Example
positive statement	negative tag	You like tea, don't you?
negative statement	positive tag	She isn't here, is she?
verb to be	isn't / aren't / wasn't…	He is late, isn't he?
present perfect	haven't / hasn't	They have left, haven't they?
simple present	don't / doesn't	He works here, doesn't he?
simple past	didn't	You called her, didn't you?
modals	can't / won't / shouldn't…	You can swim, can't you?
I am	aren't I?	I'm right, aren't I?
Let's	shall we?	Let's go, shall we?
imperative	will you?	Open the door, will you?

Regras e extras

🔊 Verbos Regulares: Pronúncia do -ed

O final -ed tem três pronúncias, dependendo do último som do verbo.

Sound	Final sound of the verb	Examples
/t/	voiceless sounds: /p/ /k/ /f/ /s/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/	worked, stopped, washed, watched, laughed
/d/	voiced sounds and vowels	played, cleaned, loved, called, opened
/ɪd/	verbs ending in /t/ or /d/	wanted, needed, started, decided, visited

✏️ Regras de Grafia: -s, -ing, -ed

Como a grafia muda ao conjugar os verbos.

Rule	Base	3rd person (-s)	-ing	-ed
General rule	work	works	working	worked
Ends in -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o (+es)	watch	watches	watching	watched
Consonant + y → ies / ied	study	studies	studying	studied
Vowel + y (just add)	play	plays	playing	played
Ends in -e (drop the e before -ing)	make*	makes	making	—
Ends in -e (just add -d)	love	loves	loving	loved
Short CVC: double the consonant	stop	stops	stopping	stopped
Ends in -ie → -ying	lie*	lies	lying	lied

* make é irregular no passado (made); lie tem dois sentidos (mentir: lied · deitar-se: lay).

⚖️ Gerúndio ou Infinitivo?

Alguns verbos pedem -ing, outros to + verbo, e uns poucos mudam de sentido.

Verb	Followed by	Example
enjoy	gerund (-ing)	I enjoy reading.
avoid	gerund (-ing)	He avoids driving at night.
finish	gerund (-ing)	She finished cooking.
keep	gerund (-ing)	Keep trying!
mind	gerund (-ing)	Do you mind opening the window?
suggest	gerund (-ing)	I suggest leaving early.
consider	gerund (-ing)	We're considering moving.
practice	gerund (-ing)	Practice speaking every day.
want	infinitive (to)	I want to learn English.
decide	infinitive (to)	She decided to quit.
hope	infinitive (to)	I hope to see you soon.
plan	infinitive (to)	We plan to travel in July.
need	infinitive (to)	You need to rest.
promise	infinitive (to)	He promised to call.
afford	infinitive (to)	I can't afford to buy it.
would like	infinitive (to)	I would like to order.
let / make	base verb (no to)	She made me laugh.
stop	gerund = quit · infinitive = pause to	He stopped smoking. / He stopped to smoke.
remember	gerund = memory · infinitive = task	I remember locking the door. / Remember to lock the door.
try	gerund = experiment · infinitive = attempt	Try restarting it. / I tried to open it.

🔗 Verbos + Preposições

Muitos verbos exigem uma preposição específica. Aprenda juntos.

Verb + preposition	Portuguese	Example
depend on	depender de	It depends on the weather.
listen to	ouvir / escutar	Listen to the music.
wait for	esperar	I'm waiting for the bus.
look at	olhar para	Look at this photo.
think about / of	pensar em / sobre	I'm thinking about you.
talk to / with	falar com	Can I talk to you?
believe in	acreditar em	I believe in you.
agree with	concordar com	I agree with her.
apologize for	pedir desculpas por	I apologize for being late.
arrive at / in	chegar em	We arrived in Rio at noon.
belong to	pertencer a	This book belongs to me.
care about	importar-se com	I care about my health.
worry about	preocupar-se com	Don't worry about it.
laugh at	rir de	They laughed at the joke.
rely on	contar com	You can rely on me.
succeed in	ter sucesso em	She succeeded in getting the job.
ask for	pedir (algo)	He asked for help.
pay for	pagar por	I'll pay for dinner.
insist on	insistir em	She insisted on paying.
dream of / about	sonhar com	I dream of traveling.

🧩 Phrasal Verbs Comuns

Verbo + partícula, com significado próprio.

Phrasal verb	Meaning	Portuguese	Example
give up	stop trying	desistir	Never give up!
look for	search	procurar	I'm looking for my keys.
look after	take care of	cuidar de	She looks after her grandma.
turn on	start a device	ligar	Turn on the light.
turn off	stop a device	desligar	Turn off the TV.
get up	leave bed	levantar-se	I get up at 6.
put on	dress	vestir	Put on your jacket.
take off	remove / depart	tirar / decolar	The plane takes off at 9.
find out	discover	descobrir	I found out the truth.
come back	return	voltar	Come back soon.
go on	continue	continuar	Please go on.
run out of	have none left	ficar sem	We ran out of milk.
pick up	collect / lift	pegar / buscar	I'll pick you up at 8.
set up	arrange / install	configurar / montar	Set up a meeting.
break down	stop working	quebrar / pifar	My car broke down.
work out	exercise / solve	malhar / resolver	I work out every day.

🕰️ Used to e Would

Hábitos do passado e o costume de fazer algo.

Form	Use	Example
used to + verb	past habit or state that is no longer true	I used to play football every weekend.
would + verb	repeated past actions (not states)	We would visit grandma every Sunday.
didn't use to + verb	negative past habit	She didn't use to like coffee.
Did … use to …?	question	Did you use to live here?
be used to + -ing	be accustomed to	I'm used to waking up early.
get used to + -ing	become accustomed to	You'll get used to the noise.

Estados (be, have, like, know) usam “used to”, nunca “would”: I used to be shy.

🛠️ Make vs Do

Colocações comuns. Precisam ser memorizadas em pares.

Verb	Collocation	Example
make	make a mistake	I made a mistake.
make	make a decision	We need to make a decision.
make	make money	She makes good money.
make	make a phone call	Let me make a phone call.
make	make progress	You're making progress!
make	make an effort	Make an effort to practice.
make	make a plan	Let's make a plan.
make	make a noise	Don't make a noise.
make	make friends	It's easy to make friends here.
make	make the bed	I make the bed every morning.
do	do homework	I do my homework after school.
do	do the dishes	Who does the dishes?
do	do your best	Just do your best.
do	do business	They do business with Japan.
do	do a favor	Can you do me a favor?
do	do exercise	I do exercise three times a week.
do	do the laundry	He does the laundry on Sundays.
do	do research	She does research on climate change.
do	do the shopping	We do the shopping on Saturdays.
do	do nothing	I did nothing all day.

🗣️ Say, Tell, Speak, Talk

Quatro verbos parecidos que são usados de formas diferentes.

Verb	Rule	Example
say	+ what was said; no person needed	She said she was tired.
say … to	say something to someone	He said hello to me.
tell	needs a person (object)	She told me she was tired.
tell	story, joke, truth, lie, time	Tell me the truth.
tell	tell someone to + verb (orders)	He told us to wait.
speak	languages, formal talk	She speaks three languages.
talk	informal conversation	We talked for hours.

💇 Causativo (have / get / make / let)

Quando outra pessoa faz a ação por você, ou por sua causa.

Structure	Meaning	Example
have + object + V3	arrange for someone to do it	I had my car repaired.
get + object + V3	same, more informal	She got her hair cut.
have + person + base verb	ask someone to do it	I'll have the plumber fix it.
get + person + to + verb	convince someone	I got him to help me.
make + person + base verb	force	They made me wait.
let + person + base verb	allow	She let me borrow it.